Awake spinal fusion is surgery conducted while the patient is awake, generally with a combination of local anesthesia and light sedation. This technique is used to reduce the complications of general anesthesia, including respiratory problems and recovery time. Surgeons are also able to obtain real-time feedback on nerve function through communication with the patient during the operation, potentially minimizing the risk of neurological injury. Recovery from awake spinal fusion may also be faster compared to traditional methods, with patients potentially experiencing less postoperative pain and a quicker return to their daily activities.